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  Acids:--                An acid is a molecule or ion that is capable of donating a proton that is hydrogen ion (H + ) or capable of formation of a covalent bond with an electron pair. Acid:-- In the water solution, any substances whose tastes are sour and whose dissolve in water to release H + ions and reacts with bases to form salts and promotes certain chemical reactions and also change the colour of certain indicators. This is known as acid.   Properties of acids:-- Acids is sour in taste Acids react with base to form salt Acid reacts with metal to release hydrogen ions H + The pH value is less than 7 Acid converts blue litmus paper to red litmus paper Acid have tendency to corrode the metal surfaces     Bases:--             Bases are the substances which dissociates solution to form hydroxide ion OH -   and which can donates electrons and accept protons.   Properties of bases :-- Bases are bitter in taste It has pH value is greater than 7

  Types of chemical reactions A chemical reaction is the process to involve the breaking and making or formation   of chemical   bonds between atoms to produce new substances is known as chemical reaction . A chemical reaction is the chemical transformation in which   one type of substance which is reactants reacts chemically and converts   into a new substances which is products. There are different types of chemical reaction :--   1. Combination   reaction:---                                            In this combination reaction, single products is formed from two or more reactants is known as combination reactions. Combination reactions is also called as synthesis reaction Example :--          CaO (s) + H 2 O (l)      →          Ca(OH) 2 (aq)    + heat   Here, calcium oxide and water Is combined to form a single product calcium hydroxide.   Burning of coal:--   C (s) + O 2 (g)    →        CO 2 (g)   Formation of water from H 2 (g)and O 2 (g) 2

  Balanced chemical equations   According   to law of conservation of mass that mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. It means to say that the total mass of the elements in the products side   of a chemical reaction to be equal to the total mass of the elements in the reactants side.     Here , the total number of atoms of each elements remains same before and after a chemical reaction.   Example :--   Zinc + Sulphuric acid        ➡         Zinc sulphate + Hydrogen Zn + H 2 SO 4   →   ZnSO 4       +H 2   Elements      number of atoms in reactants (LHS) Zn                    1 H                      2 S                      1 O                      4   Elements      number of atoms in products (RHS) Zn                    1 H                      2 S                      1 O                      4         Balance chemical equation :--                                                 The number of atoms of eac